LABORATORI D'ENVOL PARAGLIDING 3.20V version "Vinebre" by Pere Casellas 2010-2022 http://www.laboratoridenvol.com General Public License GNU/GPL 3.0 Brand: LABORATORI D'ENVOL Model: gnuComet-test Scale: 1.02567 Wing type is: ds (double surface) 1. MAIN PARAMETERS: ------------------------------------------------- Flat area = 25.00 m2 269.1 ft2 Flat span = 10.33 m 33.9 ft Flat A/R = 4.27 Projected area = 21.77 m2 234.3 ft2 Projected span = 8.46 m 27.8 ft Projected A/R = 3.29 Flattening = 0.13 More geometric parameters: Vault arrow = 2.37 m Proj_span/arrow = 3.57 Line heigth (included risers) = 5.83 m Proj_span/Line_heigth = 1.57 Karabiners - wingtip = 5.20 m Proj_span/(Karabiners - wingtip) = 1.63 Planform geometric center of gravity at 45.37 % from leading edge Wing 3d estimated mass center: x= 0.00 cm y= 115.70 cm z= 69.54 cm 2. CALAGE PROPERTIES: ------------------------------------------------- Finesse GR 6.00 Glide angle 9.46 deg AoA 8.62 deg Assiette 0.84 deg Rotal height hcp (inc risers) 583. cm Risers 45. cm calage, pilot centering 34.00 % 112.38 cm plumb point (estimation) 36.60 % 120.97 cm karabiners (x,y,z) 20.00 112.38 583.48 3. RIB PROPERTIES: ------------------------------------------------- Ribs number = 30 Cells number = 29 Zero-thickness central cell Rib - Chord - washin - beta - Rot_z ------------------------------------------------- 1 330.52 0.000 0.00 0.00 2 309.99 0.280 4.21 0.00 3 295.73 0.474 8.12 0.00 4 287.19 0.590 12.23 0.00 5 277.86 0.717 16.14 0.00 6 267.18 0.862 20.04 0.00 7 255.63 1.020 25.21 0.00 8 243.07 1.191 29.95 0.00 9 228.53 1.389 34.70 0.00 10 212.19 1.611 39.24 0.00 11 194.26 1.855 45.06 0.00 12 172.46 2.152 53.28 0.00 13 146.66 2.503 60.55 0.00 14 118.73 2.883 75.39 0.00 15 88.42 4.500 88.85 0.00 Cell width (cm) 0 0.00 1 44.67 2 44.40 3 43.96 4 43.31 5 42.41 6 41.21 7 39.79 8 38.11 9 36.24 10 34.15 11 31.51 12 28.44 13 25.12 14 23.10 4. LINE MATRIX, LINE LENGTHS,AND LINE LOADS: Line-plan- level- order- ap - r - row - rib - L - length -length_e - load (Kg) - Type ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1 1 1 13 3 1 13 L = 45.00 45.00 16.50 1 2 1 2 1 3 3 1 3 L = 347.00 346.89 4.13 2 3 1 2 2 3 3 1 6 L = 343.00 342.88 4.46 2 4 1 2 3 3 3 1 9 L = 340.00 339.89 3.90 2 5 1 2 4 4 3 1 13 L = 333.00 332.89 4.00 2 6 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 L = 192.28 192.24 0.89 4 7 1 3 2 1 3 1 2 L = 186.27 186.21 1.66 4 8 1 3 3 1 3 1 3 L = 186.67 186.61 1.59 4 9 1 3 4 1 3 1 4 L = 189.92 189.86 1.54 4 10 1 3 5 1 3 1 5 L = 186.03 185.97 1.49 4 11 1 3 6 1 3 1 6 L = 188.63 188.58 1.43 4 12 1 3 7 1 3 1 7 L = 190.14 190.08 1.37 4 13 1 3 8 1 3 1 8 L = 186.56 186.51 1.30 4 14 1 3 9 1 3 1 9 L = 187.84 187.80 1.23 4 15 1 3 10 1 3 1 10 L = 193.92 193.87 1.14 4 16 1 3 11 1 3 1 11 L = 188.62 188.58 1.04 4 17 1 3 12 1 3 1 12 L = 185.54 185.51 0.92 4 18 1 3 13 1 3 1 13 L = 183.73 183.69 0.90 4 19 2 1 1 13 3 2 13 L = 45.00 45.00 16.50 1 20 2 2 1 3 3 2 3 L = 335.00 334.89 4.13 2 21 2 2 2 3 3 2 6 L = 331.00 330.88 4.46 2 22 2 2 3 3 3 2 9 L = 331.00 330.90 3.90 2 23 2 2 4 4 3 2 13 L = 327.00 326.90 4.00 2 24 2 3 1 1 3 2 1 L = 192.30 192.26 0.89 4 25 2 3 2 1 3 2 2 L = 186.18 186.11 1.66 4 26 2 3 3 1 3 2 3 L = 186.48 186.42 1.59 4 27 2 3 4 1 3 2 4 L = 189.92 189.86 1.54 4 28 2 3 5 1 3 2 5 L = 186.49 186.43 1.49 4 29 2 3 6 1 3 2 6 L = 189.50 189.45 1.43 4 30 2 3 7 1 3 2 7 L = 188.74 188.69 1.37 4 31 2 3 8 1 3 2 8 L = 186.11 186.06 1.30 4 32 2 3 9 1 3 2 9 L = 188.16 188.12 1.23 4 33 2 3 10 1 3 2 10 L = 192.17 192.12 1.14 4 34 2 3 11 1 3 2 11 L = 188.19 188.15 1.04 4 35 2 3 12 1 3 2 12 L = 186.08 186.05 0.92 4 36 2 3 13 1 3 2 13 L = 185.79 185.76 0.90 4 37 3 1 1 17 3 4 15 L = 55.00 55.00 10.72 1 38 3 2 1 3 3 3 3 L = 330.00 329.94 2.36 2 39 3 2 2 3 3 3 6 L = 324.00 323.93 2.55 2 40 3 2 3 3 3 3 9 L = 323.00 322.94 2.23 2 41 3 2 4 4 3 3 13 L = 319.00 318.94 2.22 2 42 3 2 5 4 3 4 15 L = 301.00 300.97 1.35 2 43 3 3 1 1 3 3 1 L = 195.14 195.12 0.51 4 44 3 3 2 1 3 3 2 L = 186.77 186.73 0.95 4 45 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 L = 185.72 185.69 0.91 4 46 3 3 4 1 3 3 4 L = 190.26 190.22 0.88 4 47 3 3 5 1 3 3 5 L = 186.14 186.11 0.85 4 48 3 3 6 1 3 3 6 L = 188.63 188.60 0.82 4 49 3 3 7 1 3 3 7 L = 188.50 188.47 0.78 4 50 3 3 8 1 3 3 8 L = 185.73 185.71 0.74 4 51 3 3 9 1 3 3 9 L = 187.64 187.61 0.70 4 52 3 3 10 1 3 3 10 L = 191.28 191.26 0.65 4 53 3 3 11 1 3 3 11 L = 187.54 187.52 0.60 4 54 3 3 12 1 3 3 12 L = 185.43 185.41 0.53 4 55 3 3 13 1 3 3 13 L = 188.82 188.80 0.45 4 56 3 3 14 1 3 1 15 L = 188.55 188.53 0.47 4 57 3 3 15 1 3 2 15 L = 185.25 185.23 0.47 4 58 3 3 16 1 3 3 15 L = 186.32 186.31 0.27 4 59 3 3 17 1 3 4 15 L = 191.29 191.28 0.14 4 60 4 1 1 12 3 4 12 L = 65.00 65.00 4.46 1 61 4 2 1 3 3 4 3 L = 337.00 336.97 1.18 2 62 4 2 2 3 3 4 6 L = 328.00 327.97 1.28 2 63 4 2 3 3 3 4 9 L = 325.00 324.97 1.11 2 64 4 2 4 3 3 4 12 L = 321.00 320.98 0.89 2 65 4 3 1 1 3 4 1 L = 198.63 198.62 0.25 4 66 4 3 2 1 3 4 2 L = 187.08 187.07 0.47 4 67 4 3 3 1 3 4 3 L = 184.56 184.54 0.45 4 68 4 3 4 1 3 4 4 L = 191.20 191.18 0.44 4 69 4 3 5 1 3 4 5 L = 186.29 186.27 0.43 4 70 4 3 6 1 3 4 6 L = 188.23 188.21 0.41 4 71 4 3 7 1 3 4 7 L = 189.51 189.50 0.39 4 72 4 3 8 1 3 4 8 L = 186.29 186.27 0.37 4 73 4 3 9 1 3 4 9 L = 187.77 187.76 0.35 4 74 4 3 10 1 3 4 10 L = 189.38 189.36 0.33 4 75 4 3 11 1 3 4 11 L = 186.34 186.33 0.30 4 76 4 3 12 1 3 4 12 L = 184.65 184.64 0.26 4 77 5 1 1 13 4 6 14 L = 205.00 205.00 0.00 6 78 5 2 1 4 4 6 5 L = 169.00 169.00 0.00 2 79 5 2 2 4 4 6 9 L = 139.00 139.00 0.00 2 80 5 2 3 5 4 6 14 L = 135.00 135.00 0.00 2 81 5 3 1 2 4 6 3 L = 102.00 102.00 0.00 3 82 5 3 2 2 4 6 5 L = 102.00 102.00 0.00 3 83 5 3 3 2 4 6 7 L = 102.00 102.00 0.00 3 84 5 3 4 2 4 6 9 L = 102.00 102.00 0.00 3 85 5 3 5 2 4 6 11 L = 102.00 102.00 0.00 3 86 5 3 6 3 4 6 14 L = 102.00 102.00 0.00 3 87 5 4 1 1 4 6 2 L = 113.03 113.03 0.00 4 88 5 4 2 1 4 6 3 L = 92.44 92.44 0.00 4 89 5 4 3 1 4 6 4 L = 80.74 80.74 0.00 4 90 5 4 4 1 4 6 5 L = 76.21 76.21 0.00 4 91 5 4 5 1 4 6 6 L = 96.61 96.61 0.00 4 92 5 4 6 1 4 6 7 L = 88.69 88.69 0.00 4 93 5 4 7 1 4 6 8 L = 86.00 86.00 0.00 4 94 5 4 8 1 4 6 9 L = 88.13 88.13 0.00 4 95 5 4 9 1 4 6 10 L = 92.40 92.40 0.00 4 96 5 4 10 1 4 6 11 L = 89.89 89.89 0.00 4 97 5 4 11 1 4 6 12 L = 90.19 90.19 0.00 4 98 5 4 12 1 4 6 13 L = 86.67 86.67 0.00 4 99 5 4 13 1 4 6 14 L = 88.22 88.22 0.00 4 Total line lengths (without loops) = 367.45 m Total line lengths (with loops) = 407.13 m (loops lengths according section 34 or internal predefined values) Minimal lengths by types, including loops: Type 1 6.12 m Riser polyester 25.00 mm loop 12.00 cm Type 2 130.33 m Line275 s_dyneem 1.90 mm loop 12.00 cm Type 3 14.64 m Line160 s_dyneem 1.40 mm loop 10.00 cm Type 4 257.57 m Line120 s_dyneem 1.15 mm loop 10.00 cm Type 6 4.58 m Line200B s_dynemm 2.00 mm loop 12.00 cm Additional detailed lines properties: Line - Lenght - LenghtL - Weight(g) - Area(mm2) - x - y - z 1 45.00 69.00 13.80 11250.00 27.95 109.62 562.61 2 346.89 370.89 8.38 7046.82 40.80 80.79 370.28 3 342.88 366.88 8.29 6970.67 79.21 82.01 377.67 4 339.89 363.89 8.22 6913.98 115.03 87.03 392.60 5 332.89 356.89 8.07 6780.97 144.89 97.23 416.24 6 192.24 212.24 2.12 2440.81 22.86 41.41 106.39 7 186.21 206.21 2.06 2371.41 44.68 40.71 106.76 8 186.61 206.61 2.07 2376.04 66.34 40.67 108.89 9 189.86 209.86 2.10 2413.41 125.98 42.51 119.85 10 185.97 205.97 2.06 2368.69 146.64 43.55 124.81 11 188.58 208.58 2.09 2398.67 166.51 45.36 131.01 12 190.08 210.08 2.10 2415.96 221.03 52.98 153.37 13 186.51 206.51 2.07 2374.92 238.44 56.31 162.07 14 187.80 207.80 2.08 2389.69 254.42 60.26 171.74 15 193.87 213.87 2.14 2459.54 298.75 74.94 205.72 16 188.58 208.58 2.09 2398.64 311.51 79.98 216.48 17 185.51 205.51 2.06 2363.34 321.89 85.11 227.69 18 183.69 203.69 2.04 2342.47 329.76 91.19 239.08 19 45.00 69.00 13.80 11250.00 28.00 111.85 562.46 20 334.89 358.89 8.11 6818.89 40.65 105.53 374.10 21 330.88 354.88 8.02 6742.75 78.16 104.49 381.54 22 330.90 354.90 8.02 6743.04 113.51 106.95 395.27 23 326.90 350.90 7.93 6667.01 143.09 113.77 417.90 24 192.26 212.26 2.12 2441.04 22.65 99.45 113.32 25 186.11 206.11 2.06 2370.32 44.25 96.52 113.74 26 186.42 206.42 2.06 2373.83 65.70 94.95 115.91 27 189.86 209.86 2.10 2413.38 124.23 93.59 126.85 28 186.43 206.43 2.06 2373.99 144.70 93.63 131.73 29 189.45 209.45 2.09 2408.66 164.39 94.28 137.83 30 188.69 208.69 2.09 2399.94 218.21 98.10 158.84 31 186.06 206.06 2.06 2369.70 235.44 100.08 167.38 32 188.12 208.12 2.08 2393.36 251.27 102.45 176.85 33 192.12 212.12 2.12 2439.40 295.20 112.00 209.60 34 188.15 208.15 2.08 2393.73 307.88 115.01 220.06 35 186.05 206.05 2.06 2369.56 318.17 117.80 230.89 36 185.76 205.76 2.06 2366.23 326.03 127.50 241.95 37 55.00 79.00 15.80 13750.00 31.18 114.58 558.45 38 329.94 353.94 8.00 6724.81 44.99 132.03 369.15 39 323.93 347.93 7.86 6610.74 82.30 128.58 376.87 40 322.94 346.94 7.84 6591.91 117.30 128.48 390.84 41 318.94 342.94 7.75 6515.92 146.21 131.40 413.24 42 300.97 324.97 7.34 6174.38 160.07 122.01 439.78 43 195.12 215.12 2.15 2473.84 23.81 161.23 111.29 44 186.73 206.73 2.07 2377.43 45.48 155.95 111.92 45 185.69 205.69 2.06 2365.41 66.96 152.74 114.22 46 190.22 210.22 2.10 2417.58 125.32 147.99 125.54 47 186.11 206.11 2.06 2370.28 145.81 146.95 130.52 48 188.60 208.60 2.09 2398.94 165.50 146.38 136.72 49 188.47 208.47 2.08 2397.43 218.97 146.31 158.09 50 185.71 205.71 2.06 2365.62 236.19 146.84 166.72 51 187.61 207.61 2.08 2387.50 251.97 147.55 176.29 52 191.26 211.26 2.11 2429.47 295.18 151.31 208.90 53 187.52 207.52 2.08 2386.50 307.79 152.26 219.44 54 185.41 205.41 2.05 2362.23 317.99 152.55 230.32 55 188.80 208.80 2.09 2401.21 326.58 164.46 240.95 56 188.53 208.53 2.09 2398.08 351.55 116.60 288.42 57 185.23 205.23 2.05 2360.18 350.19 129.79 288.44 58 186.31 206.31 2.06 2372.59 349.21 143.02 288.46 59 191.28 211.28 2.11 2429.74 348.35 156.26 288.48 60 65.00 89.00 17.80 16250.00 30.65 118.59 553.41 61 336.97 360.97 8.16 6858.39 44.47 161.50 358.91 62 327.97 351.97 7.95 6687.36 82.27 155.40 367.51 63 324.97 348.97 7.89 6630.45 117.41 152.56 382.47 64 320.98 344.98 7.80 6554.57 143.85 150.15 402.49 65 198.62 218.62 2.19 2514.09 23.82 226.35 102.27 66 187.07 207.07 2.07 2381.25 45.75 218.62 103.22 67 184.54 204.54 2.05 2352.21 67.45 213.70 105.71 68 191.18 211.18 2.11 2428.59 126.50 205.29 118.11 69 186.27 206.27 2.06 2372.12 147.15 203.14 123.31 70 188.21 208.21 2.08 2394.45 166.96 201.29 129.77 71 189.50 209.50 2.09 2409.25 220.73 197.11 152.40 72 186.27 206.27 2.06 2372.14 238.03 196.14 161.33 73 187.76 207.76 2.08 2389.18 253.84 195.10 171.20 74 189.36 209.36 2.09 2407.69 294.55 191.58 201.73 75 186.33 206.33 2.06 2372.83 307.12 190.38 212.58 76 184.64 204.64 2.05 2353.40 317.24 188.05 223.81 77 205.00 229.00 7.10 4580.00 86.21 153.10 435.65 78 169.00 193.00 4.36 3667.00 125.96 208.66 268.15 79 139.00 163.00 3.68 3097.00 160.21 200.46 287.79 80 135.00 159.00 3.59 3021.00 184.96 193.16 309.01 81 102.00 122.00 1.63 1708.00 107.15 253.03 142.27 82 102.00 122.00 1.63 1708.00 129.91 250.76 140.39 83 102.00 122.00 1.63 1708.00 200.68 234.36 180.17 84 102.00 122.00 1.63 1708.00 219.99 232.01 188.85 85 102.00 122.00 1.63 1708.00 270.75 217.83 232.44 86 102.00 122.00 1.63 1708.00 284.06 210.79 247.24 87 113.03 133.03 1.33 1529.84 69.02 290.25 49.40 88 92.44 112.44 1.12 1293.10 91.02 283.72 52.09 89 80.74 100.74 1.01 1158.49 135.30 278.17 54.27 90 76.21 96.21 0.96 1106.40 156.18 274.95 59.75 91 96.61 116.61 1.17 1340.98 212.70 263.68 86.65 92 88.69 108.69 1.09 1249.94 231.53 261.01 94.68 93 86.00 106.00 1.06 1219.00 268.28 256.26 112.64 94 88.13 108.13 1.08 1243.49 284.16 253.56 122.90 95 92.40 112.40 1.12 1292.61 324.45 243.68 156.18 96 89.89 109.89 1.10 1263.69 336.99 240.42 167.45 97 90.19 110.19 1.10 1267.20 360.34 228.54 193.97 98 86.67 106.67 1.07 1226.70 367.98 221.87 205.63 99 88.22 108.22 1.08 1244.52 372.65 214.12 216.68 Total lines weight included risers: 0.708 kg Total lines area included risers: 0.678 m2 Lines x-coordinate mass center: 0.000 cm Lines y-coordinate mass center: 133.374 cm Lines z-coordinate mass center: 328.609 cm 5. Adjustment seam parameters on the inner side of extrados panels (fig. 10 of the manual) ------------------------------------------------- Not used ( ndif=1000 ) 6. VERIFICATION Panels and rib differences (mm): ------------------------------------------------- NOTE: Maximal accuracy << 0.02 mm in extrados and intrados panels Number - Panel at left - Rib - Panel at right - max dif (mm) 1 3591.11 3591.11 3591.11 0.000 extra 1 3085.37 3085.36 3085.36 0.004 intra 2 3378.37 3378.37 3378.37 0.000 extra 2 2894.55 2894.55 2894.56 0.003 intra 3 3234.55 3234.55 3234.55 0.000 extra 3 2762.42 2762.42 2762.42 0.001 intra 4 3141.10 3141.10 3141.10 0.000 extra 4 2682.61 2682.61 2682.62 0.002 intra 5 3039.13 3039.13 3039.13 0.000 extra 5 2595.52 2595.52 2595.53 0.002 intra 6 2922.23 2922.23 2922.23 0.000 extra 6 2495.69 2495.69 2495.69 0.002 intra 7 2795.92 2795.92 2795.92 0.000 extra 7 2387.81 2387.81 2387.82 0.004 intra 8 2658.61 2658.61 2658.61 0.000 extra 8 2270.54 2270.54 2270.55 0.003 intra 9 2499.53 2499.53 2499.53 0.000 extra 9 2134.69 2134.69 2134.69 0.004 intra 10 2320.83 2320.83 2320.83 0.000 extra 10 1982.06 1982.07 1982.07 0.004 intra 11 2124.73 2124.73 2124.73 0.000 extra 11 1814.59 1814.60 1814.60 0.006 intra 12 1886.23 1886.23 1886.23 0.000 extra 12 1610.90 1610.91 1610.91 0.007 intra 13 1604.09 1604.09 1604.09 0.000 extra 13 1369.95 1369.95 1369.96 0.007 intra 14 1283.42 1283.42 1283.42 0.000 extra 14 1107.78 1107.79 1107.80 0.012 intra 15 900.15 900.15 - 0.000 extra 15 821.46 821.47 - 0.011 intra Panel distorsions in the leading edge (mm): ------------------------------------------- Panel D. extra D. intra 0 0.0000 0.0014 1 0.0334 0.0026 2 0.0334 0.0004 3 0.0261 -0.0013 4 0.0121 -0.0027 5 -0.0164 -0.0059 6 -0.0366 -0.0113 7 -0.0897 -0.0165 8 -0.0004 -0.0229 9 -0.0011 -0.0330 10 -0.0019 -0.0514 11 -0.0024 -0.0546 12 -0.0053 -0.0694 13 -0.0053 -0.0084 14 -0.0609 -0.0130 7. CALAGE AND RISERS VARIATIONS WITH ANGLE a) Speed system pivot in last riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C D Calage 1 -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 34.00 2 -1.00 -3.91 -2.71 -1.38 0.00 30.93 3 -2.00 -7.80 -5.42 -2.76 0.00 27.90 4 -3.00 -11.69 -8.12 -4.14 0.00 24.92 5 -4.00 -15.56 -10.83 -5.52 0.00 22.01 b) Speed system pivot in first riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C D Calage 1 -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 34.00 2 -1.00 0.00 1.24 2.55 3.83 30.92 3 -2.00 0.00 2.48 5.09 7.65 27.82 4 -3.00 0.00 3.72 7.63 11.45 24.73 5 -4.00 0.00 4.96 10.16 15.23 21.62 c) Trimer system pivot in first riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C D Calage 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 34.00 2 1.00 0.00 -1.24 -2.55 -3.85 37.08 3 2.00 0.00 -2.48 -5.11 -7.71 40.15 4 3.00 0.00 -3.72 -7.67 -11.58 43.20 5 4.00 0.00 -4.95 -10.24 -15.47 46.25 d) Trimer system pivot in last riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C D Calage 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 34.00 2 1.00 3.92 2.71 1.38 0.00 37.09 3 2.00 7.84 5.42 2.75 0.00 40.20 4 3.00 11.77 8.13 4.12 0.00 43.32 5 4.00 15.71 10.84 5.48 0.00 46.45 8. NYLON RODS (JONCS) ------------------------------------------- BLOC 1 TYPE 1 ------------------------------------------- Group 1 ---------------------------- Jonc 1 91.6 Jonc 2 86.8 Jonc 3 83.7 Jonc 4 81.3 Jonc 5 78.7 Jonc 6 75.7 Jonc 7 72.4 Jonc 8 68.8 Jonc 9 64.7 Jonc 10 60.1 ---------------------------- Group 2 ---------------------------- Jonc 11 55.0 Jonc 12 48.8 Jonc 13 41.5 Jonc 14 32.3 ---------------------------- Joncs total length m (both sides) 18.83 9. 3D-SHAPING DETAILS ------------------------------------------- 10. INFORMATIVE EXTRADOS AND INTRADOS COEFFICIENTS ------------------------------------------- Rib panel/rib (left) panel/rib (right) 0 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 1 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 2 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 3 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 4 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 5 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 6 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 7 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 8 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 9 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 10 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 11 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 12 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 13 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 14 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 0 intrados 0.99996 1.00000 1 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 2 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 3 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 4 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 5 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 6 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 7 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 8 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 9 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 10 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 11 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 12 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 13 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 14 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 11. INFORMATION ABOUT AIRFOIL POINTS ------------------------------------------- Rib Total Extra Vents Intra 0 111 66 9 38 1 111 66 9 38 2 111 66 9 38 3 111 66 9 38 4 111 66 9 38 5 111 66 9 38 6 111 66 9 38 7 111 66 9 38 8 111 66 9 38 9 111 66 9 38 10 111 66 9 38 11 111 66 9 38 12 111 66 9 38 13 111 66 9 38 14 111 66 9 38 15 111 66 9 38 12. ANGLES BETWEEN AIRFOIL PLANE AND GLIDEPATH LINE (phi) and local AoA (chi) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Informative angles. Change rotation values in column 10 of SECTION 1, using phi to improve the results phi=angle between airfoil plane and glidepath line chi=angle between chord line and glidepath line (local AoA) Rib phi chi 1 -0.00 9.46 2 0.69 9.74 3 1.33 9.93 4 2.00 10.04 5 2.62 10.15 6 3.23 10.28 7 4.02 10.39 8 4.71 10.51 9 5.37 10.63 10 5.97 10.76 11 6.68 10.85 12 7.57 10.89 13 8.23 10.91 14 9.15 10.56 15 9.46 10.55 14. RISERS INFORMATION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Standard risers, different length Risers number: 4 Riser A: 45.00 cm Riser B: 45.00 cm Riser C: 55.00 cm Riser D: 65.00 cm 16. LINES CHARACTERISTICS TABLE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Used custom types table Total types number: 6 T s a b Label Strength daN Material Weight g l Length cm ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 r 25.00 2.00 Riser 1000.0 daN polyester 20.00 g s 12.00 cm 2 c 1.90 Line275 275.0 daN s_dyneem 2.26 g s 12.00 cm 3 c 1.40 Line160 160.0 daN s_dyneem 1.34 g s 10.00 cm 4 c 1.15 Line120 120.0 daN s_dyneem 1.00 g s 10.00 cm 5 c 0.80 Line100U 100.0 daN u_dyneem 0.43 g p 8.00 cm 6 c 2.00 Line200B 200.0 daN s_dynemm 3.10 g s 12.00 cm 17. LONGITUDINAL EQUILIBRIUM (informative) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- An attempt to solve the paraglider longitudinal equilibrium. Use interactively until you get convincing results. It is necessary to use external programs such as XFLR5 and or CFD to obtain the aerodynamic coefficients and the center of pressure Remember that the axes used in LEparagliding are: Origin (0,0,0)= at the nose of the central profile section. X-axis horizontal and in the span direction Y-axis along the central chord Z-axis perpendicular to the XY plane and pointing down (not coincides with gravity axis) Basic project data: ----------------------------------------------- Flat area= 25.00 m2 269.1 ft2 Flat span= 10.33 m 33.9 ft Flat A/R= 4.27 Projected area= 21.77 m2 234.3 ft2 Projected span= 8.46 m 27.8 ft Projected A/R= 3.29 Flattening= 12.94 Vault arrow= 2.37 m Proj_span/arrow= 3.57 Line heigth= 5.83 m included risers Proj_span/Line_heigth= 1.57 Karabiners - wingtip= 5.20 m Proj_span/(Karabiners - wingtip)= 1.63 Wing type is= ds Planform geometric center of gravity at 45.37 % from leading edge 1499 mm Section 35 data and initial parameters: ----------------------------------------------- g= 9.8070 m/s2 gravity of Eart ro= 1.2250 kg/m3 air mass density mu= 18.4600 microPascals x s air dynamic viscosity V= 11.0000 m/s estimated initial flow speed Alpha= 9.0000 deg estimated wing angle of attack AOA Cl= 0.5988 wing lift coefficient Cle= 1.0000 wing lift adjustment coefficient Cd= 0.0428 wing drag coefficient Cde= 1.1000 wing drag adjustment coefficient Cm= 0.0000 wing moment coefficient Cdp= 0.8000 pilot drag coefficient Spilot= 0.5000 m2 Wing mass= 4.000 kg Pilot mass= 85.000 kg included harness, instruments, water... Pilot mass desp= 0.000 m below main karabiners x-coordinate Cp= 0.000 m y-coordinate Cp= 0.850 m z-coordinate Cp= 0.404 m Results: ----------------------------------------------- Solve method= 6 Masses and wingload: Lines mass= 0.708 kg (risers included) Risers mass= 0.122 kg Quickli mass= 0.064 kg 8 units Total mass= 89.772 kg Wing flatS= 25.0018 m2 Wing projS= 21.7675 m2 Wingload= 3.591 kg/m2 (using flat wing area) Wingload= 4.124 kg/m2 (using projected wing area) Lines calculus: Lines surf= 0.6785 m2 (risers included) Risers surf= 0.1050 m2 y-Lines drag= 1.3267 m z-Lines drag= 3.3517 m Global Cdlines= 1.2341 Aerodynamic forces: k1,k2,k= 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 Wing lift= 867.4193 N Wing lift ex= 0.0000 N Wing lift tot= 867.4193 N Wing drag= 62.0672 N Wing drag ex= 6.2067 N Wing drag tot= 68.2739 N Lines drag= 55.7184 N (risers included) Pilot drag= 26.6172 N Total drag= 150.6095 N Induced drag= 49.4554 N (theoretical by AR, and included in wing drag) Lift to Drag ratios: Wing Cl/Cd= 13.9755 Cl*Cle/(Cd*Cde)= 12.7050 L/(D+Dextra)= 12.7050 L/(Drag total)= 5.7594 Theoric speed= 10.423 m/s 37.52 km/h Horiz speed= 10.269 m/s 36.97 km/h Vert speed= 1.783 m/s 6.42 km/h Mass centers: Wing mc: y= 1.157 m z= 0.695 m Lines+risers mc: y= 1.334 m z= 3.286 m Quicklinks mc: y= 1.149 m z= 5.350 m Pilot+harnes mc: y= 1.123 m z= 5.835 m Total mc: y= 1.126 m z= 5.585 m Angles and calage: WARNING: Iterate initial values until convergence! These results are for informational purposes only! The REAL design parameters must be entered manually in section 8 of leparagliding.txt Theta= 0.850 deg Gamma= 9.850 deg Glide ratio= 5.759 Main-K x-coord= 0.200 m Main-K y-coord= 1.123 m Main-K z-coord= 5.835 m Cp %= 25.72 % 850 mm Pp %= 36.59 % 1209 mm Calage %= 33.97 % 1122 mm (Py) Complements: Pp-Py %= 3.39 % 86 mm Py-Cp %= 10.67 % 272 mm Pp-Cp %= 14.05 % 359 mm wcg-wcp= 423 mm Distance(wingcg(y,z),wingcp(y,z)) wcg_y-wcp_y= 306 mm wcg_z-wcp_z= 291 mm Detailed lines drag information: ----------------------------------------------- Line - Surf (mm2) - Reynolds - Cdline - Line drag (N) 1 11250. 18249. 1.980 1.65 2 7047. 1387. 1.080 0.56 3 6971. 1387. 1.080 0.56 4 6914. 1387. 1.080 0.55 5 6781. 1387. 1.080 0.54 6 2441. 839. 1.112 0.20 7 2371. 839. 1.112 0.20 8 2376. 839. 1.112 0.20 9 2413. 839. 1.112 0.20 10 2369. 839. 1.112 0.20 11 2399. 839. 1.112 0.20 12 2416. 839. 1.112 0.20 13 2375. 839. 1.112 0.20 14 2390. 839. 1.112 0.20 15 2460. 839. 1.112 0.20 16 2399. 839. 1.112 0.20 17 2363. 839. 1.112 0.19 18 2342. 839. 1.112 0.19 19 11250. 18249. 1.980 1.65 20 6819. 1387. 1.080 0.55 21 6743. 1387. 1.080 0.54 22 6743. 1387. 1.080 0.54 23 6667. 1387. 1.080 0.53 24 2441. 839. 1.112 0.20 25 2370. 839. 1.112 0.20 26 2374. 839. 1.112 0.20 27 2413. 839. 1.112 0.20 28 2374. 839. 1.112 0.20 29 2409. 839. 1.112 0.20 30 2400. 839. 1.112 0.20 31 2370. 839. 1.112 0.20 32 2393. 839. 1.112 0.20 33 2439. 839. 1.112 0.20 34 2394. 839. 1.112 0.20 35 2370. 839. 1.112 0.20 36 2366. 839. 1.112 0.20 37 13750. 18249. 1.980 2.02 38 6725. 1387. 1.080 0.54 39 6611. 1387. 1.080 0.53 40 6592. 1387. 1.080 0.53 41 6516. 1387. 1.080 0.52 42 6174. 1387. 1.080 0.49 43 2474. 839. 1.112 0.20 44 2377. 839. 1.112 0.20 45 2365. 839. 1.112 0.20 46 2418. 839. 1.112 0.20 47 2370. 839. 1.112 0.20 48 2399. 839. 1.112 0.20 49 2397. 839. 1.112 0.20 50 2366. 839. 1.112 0.20 51 2388. 839. 1.112 0.20 52 2429. 839. 1.112 0.20 53 2386. 839. 1.112 0.20 54 2362. 839. 1.112 0.19 55 2401. 839. 1.112 0.20 56 2398. 839. 1.112 0.20 57 2360. 839. 1.112 0.19 58 2373. 839. 1.112 0.20 59 2430. 839. 1.112 0.20 60 16250. 18249. 1.980 2.38 61 6858. 1387. 1.080 0.55 62 6687. 1387. 1.080 0.54 63 6630. 1387. 1.080 0.53 64 6555. 1387. 1.080 0.52 65 2514. 839. 1.112 0.21 66 2381. 839. 1.112 0.20 67 2352. 839. 1.112 0.19 68 2429. 839. 1.112 0.20 69 2372. 839. 1.112 0.20 70 2394. 839. 1.112 0.20 71 2409. 839. 1.112 0.20 72 2372. 839. 1.112 0.20 73 2389. 839. 1.112 0.20 74 2408. 839. 1.112 0.20 75 2373. 839. 1.112 0.20 76 2353. 839. 1.112 0.19 77 4580. 1460. 1.078 0.37 78 3667. 1387. 1.080 0.29 79 3097. 1387. 1.080 0.25 80 3021. 1387. 1.080 0.24 81 1708. 1022. 1.099 0.14 82 1708. 1022. 1.099 0.14 83 1708. 1022. 1.099 0.14 84 1708. 1022. 1.099 0.14 85 1708. 1022. 1.099 0.14 86 1708. 1022. 1.099 0.14 87 1530. 839. 1.112 0.13 88 1293. 839. 1.112 0.11 89 1158. 839. 1.112 0.10 90 1106. 839. 1.112 0.09 91 1341. 839. 1.112 0.11 92 1250. 839. 1.112 0.10 93 1219. 839. 1.112 0.10 94 1243. 839. 1.112 0.10 95 1293. 839. 1.112 0.11 96 1264. 839. 1.112 0.10 97 1267. 839. 1.112 0.10 98 1227. 839. 1.112 0.10 99 1245. 839. 1.112 0.10 18. SOME PANEL PARAMETERS FOR XFLR5 ANALYSIS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Read files inside xfl5 folder 19. SOME SPECIAL PARAMETERS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 special codes used