LABORATORI D'ENVOL PARAGLIDING 3.12 version "Pirineus" by Pere Casellas 2010-2020 http://www.laboratoridenvol.com General Public License GNU/GPL 3.0 Brand: LABORATORI D'ENVOL Paraglider model: gnuA5 scale: 1.00000 1. MAIN PARAMETERS: ------------------------------------------------- Flat area = 27.02 m2 290.9 ft2 Flat span = 10.78 m 35.4 ft Flat A/R = 4.30 Projected area = 23.56 m2 253.6 ft2 Projected span = 8.84 m 29.0 ft Projected A/R = 3.32 Flattening = 0.13 More geometric parameters: Vault arrow = 2.40 m Proj_span/arrow = 3.68 Line heigth (included risers) = 7.27 m Proj_span/Line_heigth = 1.30 Karabiners - wingtip = 6.23 m Proj_span/(Karabiners - wingtip) = 1.42 Wing type is: ds Planform center of gravity at 52.62 % from leading edge 2. CALAGE PROPERTIES: ------------------------------------------------- finesse GR 7.50 glide angle 7.59 AoA 5.40 assiette 2.19 total height hcp (inc risers) -0. cm risers 47. cm calage, pilot centering % cm 31.00 95.81 center pressure (estimation) cm 40.00 123.62 karabiners (x,y,z) 20.00 95.99 727.00 3. RIB PROPERTIES: ------------------------------------------------- Ribs number = 28 Cells number = 27 Rib - Chord - washin - beta ------------------------------------------------- 1 309.06 0.000 2.16 2 306.89 0.032 6.48 3 302.56 0.095 10.59 4 296.11 0.189 14.90 5 287.55 0.313 18.81 6 276.91 0.468 23.70 7 264.10 0.655 28.88 8 247.61 0.895 33.84 9 227.16 1.192 38.37 10 203.19 1.541 44.11 11 176.41 1.931 52.52 12 147.58 2.351 59.97 13 117.42 2.790 74.82 14 86.62 4.500 88.56 Cell width (cm) 0 48.74 1 48.49 2 48.02 3 47.30 4 46.36 5 45.19 6 43.77 7 41.96 8 39.70 9 37.05 10 34.10 11 30.91 12 27.59 13 24.19 4. LINE MATRIX, LINE LENGTHS,AND LINE LOADS: Line-plan- level- order- ap - r - row - rib - L - length -length_e - load (Kg) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1 1 1 12 3 1 12 L = 47.00 47.00 16.51 2 1 2 1 4 3 1 4 L = 484.00 483.75 6.54 3 1 2 2 4 3 1 8 L = 472.00 471.78 5.80 4 1 2 3 4 3 1 12 L = 452.00 451.85 4.18 5 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 L = 195.77 195.70 1.66 6 1 3 2 1 3 1 2 L = 184.75 184.69 1.65 7 1 3 3 1 3 1 3 L = 182.06 182.00 1.63 8 1 3 4 1 3 1 4 L = 187.82 187.76 1.59 9 1 3 5 1 3 1 5 L = 195.21 195.15 1.55 10 1 3 6 1 3 1 6 L = 185.06 185.00 1.49 11 1 3 7 1 3 1 7 L = 181.40 181.35 1.42 12 1 3 8 1 3 1 8 L = 184.16 184.11 1.33 13 1 3 9 1 3 1 9 L = 196.81 196.76 1.22 14 1 3 10 1 3 1 10 L = 186.74 186.70 1.09 15 1 3 11 1 3 1 11 L = 180.55 180.51 0.95 16 1 3 12 1 3 1 12 L = 177.90 177.86 0.91 17 2 1 1 16 3 4 14 L = 47.00 47.00 17.85 18 2 2 1 4 3 2 4 L = 476.00 475.75 6.54 19 2 2 2 4 3 2 8 L = 464.00 463.78 5.80 20 2 2 3 4 3 2 12 L = 448.00 447.85 4.18 21 2 2 4 4 3 4 14 L = 426.00 425.95 1.33 22 2 3 1 1 3 2 1 L = 195.64 195.58 1.66 23 2 3 2 1 3 2 2 L = 184.67 184.61 1.65 24 2 3 3 1 3 2 3 L = 181.93 181.87 1.63 25 2 3 4 1 3 2 4 L = 187.53 187.47 1.59 26 2 3 5 1 3 2 5 L = 194.99 194.93 1.55 27 2 3 6 1 3 2 6 L = 185.40 185.35 1.49 28 2 3 7 1 3 2 7 L = 182.12 182.07 1.42 29 2 3 8 1 3 2 8 L = 185.03 184.98 1.33 30 2 3 9 1 3 2 9 L = 194.55 194.50 1.22 31 2 3 10 1 3 2 10 L = 185.71 185.67 1.09 32 2 3 11 1 3 2 11 L = 180.27 180.24 0.95 33 2 3 12 1 3 2 12 L = 180.33 180.30 0.91 34 2 3 13 1 3 1 14 L = 180.58 180.56 0.47 35 2 3 14 1 3 2 14 L = 179.70 179.68 0.47 36 2 3 15 1 3 3 14 L = 182.56 182.55 0.27 37 2 3 16 1 3 4 14 L = 188.98 188.97 0.13 38 3 1 1 23 3 4 11 L = 47.00 47.00 13.83 39 3 2 1 8 3 4 4 L = 488.00 487.78 5.61 40 3 2 2 8 3 4 8 L = 477.00 476.81 4.97 41 3 2 3 7 3 4 11 L = 461.00 460.88 3.26 42 3 3 1 1 3 3 1 L = 190.37 190.33 0.95 43 3 3 2 1 3 3 2 L = 179.22 179.19 0.94 44 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 L = 176.65 176.62 0.93 45 3 3 4 1 3 3 4 L = 182.75 182.71 0.91 46 3 3 5 1 3 4 1 L = 208.03 208.01 0.48 47 3 3 6 1 3 4 2 L = 197.58 197.56 0.47 48 3 3 7 1 3 4 3 L = 194.90 194.89 0.47 49 3 3 8 1 3 4 4 L = 200.06 200.04 0.46 50 3 3 9 1 3 3 5 L = 189.38 189.35 0.88 51 3 3 10 1 3 3 6 L = 179.51 179.48 0.85 52 3 3 11 1 3 3 7 L = 176.16 176.13 0.81 53 3 3 12 1 3 3 8 L = 179.07 179.04 0.76 54 3 3 13 1 3 4 5 L = 205.67 205.65 0.44 55 3 3 14 1 3 4 6 L = 195.74 195.72 0.43 56 3 3 15 1 3 4 7 L = 191.74 191.73 0.41 57 3 3 16 1 3 4 8 L = 193.53 193.51 0.38 58 3 3 17 1 3 3 9 L = 187.16 187.13 0.70 59 3 3 18 1 3 3 10 L = 179.09 179.07 0.63 60 3 3 19 1 3 3 11 L = 174.05 174.04 0.54 61 3 3 20 1 3 3 12 L = 178.79 178.78 0.45 62 3 3 21 1 3 4 9 L = 198.92 198.90 0.35 63 3 3 22 1 3 4 10 L = 190.19 190.18 0.31 64 3 3 23 1 3 4 11 L = 184.14 184.13 0.27 65 4 1 1 12 4 6 13 L = 270.00 0.00 0.00 66 4 2 1 4 4 6 5 L = 244.00 0.00 0.00 67 4 2 2 4 4 6 9 L = 213.00 0.00 0.00 68 4 2 3 4 4 6 13 L = 191.00 0.00 0.00 69 4 3 1 2 4 6 3 L = 120.00 0.00 0.00 70 4 3 2 2 4 6 5 L = 120.00 0.00 0.00 71 4 3 3 2 4 6 7 L = 120.00 0.00 0.00 72 4 3 4 2 4 6 9 L = 120.00 0.00 0.00 73 4 3 5 4 4 6 13 L = 120.00 0.00 0.00 74 4 4 1 1 4 6 2 L = 106.93 0.00 0.00 75 4 4 2 1 4 6 3 L = 90.48 0.00 0.00 76 4 4 3 1 4 6 4 L = 80.75 0.00 0.00 77 4 4 4 1 4 6 5 L = 78.10 0.00 0.00 78 4 4 5 1 4 6 6 L = 98.62 0.00 0.00 79 4 4 6 1 4 6 7 L = 87.89 0.00 0.00 80 4 4 7 1 4 6 8 L = 81.95 0.00 0.00 81 4 4 8 1 4 6 9 L = 80.96 0.00 0.00 82 4 4 9 1 4 6 10 L = 100.87 0.00 0.00 83 4 4 10 1 4 6 11 L = 87.04 0.00 0.00 84 4 4 11 1 4 6 12 L = 81.01 0.00 0.00 85 4 4 12 1 4 6 13 L = 80.68 0.00 0.00 Total line lengths (without loops) = 329.84 Total line lengths (with loops) = 363.84 (estimation of 10 cm additional per loop) 5. Adjustment seam parameters on the inner side of extrados panels (fig. 10 of the manual) ------------------------------------------------- Not used ( ndif=1000 ) 6. VERIFICATION Panels and rib differences (mm): ------------------------------------------------- NOTE: Maximal accuracy << 0.02 mm in extrados and intrados panels Number - Panel at left - Rib - Panel at right - max dif (mm) 1 3421.81 3421.81 3421.81 0.000 extra 1 2890.62 2890.62 2890.62 0.001 intra 2 3397.78 3397.78 3397.78 0.000 extra 2 2870.32 2870.32 2870.32 0.002 intra 3 3349.84 3349.84 3349.84 0.000 extra 3 2829.82 2829.82 2829.83 0.002 intra 4 3278.43 3278.43 3278.43 0.000 extra 4 2769.50 2769.50 2769.50 0.003 intra 5 3183.66 3183.66 3183.66 0.000 extra 5 2689.43 2689.44 2689.44 0.003 intra 6 3065.86 3065.86 3065.86 0.000 extra 6 2589.92 2589.92 2589.92 0.004 intra 7 2924.03 2924.03 2924.03 0.000 extra 7 2470.11 2470.11 2470.11 0.005 intra 8 2741.46 2741.46 2741.46 0.000 extra 8 2315.88 2315.88 2315.89 0.006 intra 9 2515.04 2515.04 2515.04 0.000 extra 9 2124.61 2124.61 2124.62 0.006 intra 10 2249.65 2249.65 2249.65 0.000 extra 10 1900.41 1900.42 1900.43 0.009 intra 11 1953.15 1953.15 1953.15 0.000 extra 11 1649.94 1649.95 1649.96 0.011 intra 12 1633.96 1633.96 1633.96 0.000 extra 12 1380.30 1380.31 1380.31 0.010 intra 13 1269.24 1269.24 1269.24 0.000 extra 13 1095.54 1095.55 1095.56 0.016 intra 14 866.20 866.20 - 0.000 extra 14 804.66 804.67 - 0.001 intra Panel distorsions in the leading edge (mm): ------------------------------------------- Panel D. extra D. intra 0 0.0567 0.0004 1 0.0524 -0.0002 2 0.0360 -0.0016 3 0.0185 -0.0043 4 -0.0176 -0.0078 5 -0.0393 -0.0141 6 -0.0867 -0.0197 7 -0.0005 -0.0366 8 -0.0026 -0.0603 9 -0.0064 -0.0079 10 -0.0094 -0.0139 11 -0.0193 -0.0224 12 -0.0217 -0.0471 13 -0.0463 -0.0268 7. CALAGE AND RISERS VARIATIONS WITH ANGLE a) Speed system pivot in last riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C Calage 1 -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 31.00 2 -1.00 -2.68 -1.60 0.00 26.90 3 -2.00 -5.36 -3.20 0.00 22.83 4 -3.00 -8.04 -4.80 0.00 18.81 5 -4.00 -10.70 -6.39 0.00 14.87 b) Speed system pivot in first riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C Calage 1 -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 31.00 2 -1.00 0.00 1.10 2.67 26.89 3 -2.00 0.00 2.20 5.34 22.78 4 -3.00 0.00 3.29 8.00 18.66 5 -4.00 0.00 4.39 10.65 14.54 c) Trimer system pivot in first riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C Calage 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 31.00 2 1.00 0.00 -1.10 -2.68 35.10 3 2.00 0.00 -2.19 -5.36 39.20 4 3.00 0.00 -3.29 -8.05 43.28 5 4.00 0.00 -4.39 -10.74 47.36 d) Trimer system pivot in last riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C Calage 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 31.00 2 1.00 2.69 1.60 0.00 35.11 3 2.00 5.38 3.20 0.00 39.23 4 3.00 8.07 4.80 0.00 43.35 5 4.00 10.77 6.39 0.00 47.47 8. NYLON RODS (JONCS) TYPE 1 ------------------------------------------- Jonc 1 91.0 Jonc 2 90.4 Jonc 3 89.1 Jonc 4 87.2 Jonc 5 84.7 Jonc 6 81.5 Jonc 7 77.8 Jonc 8 72.9 Jonc 9 66.9 Jonc 10 59.8 Jonc 11 51.9 Jonc 12 43.5 Jonc 13 32.0 Joncs total length (both sides) 1857.4 9. 3D-SHAPING DETAILS ------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- z1 1 55.51 57.31 1.80 z3 1 33.62 36.82 3.20 f13 1 1.94 z4 1 15.68 16.02 0.34 ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- z1 2 55.31 57.10 1.79 z3 2 33.50 36.68 3.18 f13 2 1.94 z4 2 15.63 15.97 0.34 ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- z1 3 54.73 56.50 1.77 z3 3 33.15 36.28 3.13 f13 3 1.91 z4 3 15.46 15.80 0.34 ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- z1 4 53.76 55.51 1.75 z3 4 32.56 35.64 3.07 f13 4 1.89 z4 4 15.19 15.52 0.33 ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- z1 5 52.42 54.12 1.70 z3 5 31.75 34.72 2.97 f13 5 1.85 z4 5 14.81 15.13 0.33 ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- z1 6 50.69 52.37 1.68 z3 6 30.70 33.60 2.91 f13 6 1.82 z4 6 14.32 14.64 0.32 ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- z1 7 48.58 50.22 1.64 z3 7 29.42 32.20 2.78 f13 7 1.78 z4 7 13.72 14.03 0.31 ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- z1 8 45.95 47.53 1.58 z3 8 27.83 30.57 2.74 f13 8 1.71 z4 8 12.98 13.28 0.30 ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- z1 9 42.64 44.13 1.50 z3 9 25.82 28.42 2.59 f13 9 1.62 z4 9 12.04 12.33 0.28 ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- z1 10 38.65 40.08 1.43 z3 10 23.40 25.86 2.46 f13 10 1.56 z4 10 10.92 11.18 0.27 ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- z1 11 34.09 35.46 1.37 z3 11 20.62 22.93 2.32 f13 11 1.50 z4 11 9.63 9.88 0.25 ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- z1 12 29.09 30.34 1.25 z3 12 17.60 19.70 2.09 f13 12 1.37 z4 12 8.22 8.45 0.23 ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- z1 13 19.61 22.18 2.57 z3 13 18.05 20.85 2.80 f13 13 2.68 z4 13 6.64 6.83 0.20 ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- z1 14 14.64 15.80 1.16 z3 14 9.15 11.92 2.77 f13 14 1.96 z4 14 5.57 5.62 0.05 10. INFORMATIVE EXTRADOS AND INTRADOS COEFFICIENTS ------------------------------------------- Rib panel/rib (left) panel/rib (right) 0 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 1 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 2 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 3 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 4 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 5 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 6 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 7 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 8 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 9 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 10 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 11 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 12 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 13 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 0 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 1 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 2 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 3 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 4 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 5 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 6 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 7 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 8 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 9 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 10 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 11 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 12 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 13 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 11. INFORMATION ABOUT AIRFOIL POINTS ------------------------------------------- Rib Total Extra Vents Intra 0 111 66 9 38 1 111 66 9 38 2 111 66 9 38 3 111 66 9 38 4 111 66 9 38 5 111 66 9 38 6 111 66 9 38 7 111 66 9 38 8 111 66 9 38 9 111 66 9 38 10 111 66 9 38 11 111 66 9 38 12 111 66 9 38 13 111 66 9 38 14 111 66 9 38