LABORATORI D'ENVOL PARAGLIDING 3.11 version "3D-negative" by Pere Casellas 2010-2020 http://www.laboratoridenvol.com General Public License GNU/GPL 3.0 Brand: Laboratori d'envol Paraglider model: BHL5-24 scale: 1.02207 1. MAIN PARAMETERS: ------------------------------------------------- Flat area = 24.00 m2 258.3 ft2 Flat span = 11.65 m 38.2 ft Flat A/R = 5.66 Projected area = 20.63 m2 222.1 ft2 Projected span = 9.36 m 30.7 ft Projected A/R = 4.25 Flattening = 0.14 More geometric parameters: Vault arrow = 2.86 m Proj_span/arrow = 3.27 Line heigth (included risers) = 7.16 m Proj_span/Line_heigth = 1.40 Karabiners - wingtip = 6.05 m Proj_span/(Karabiners - wingtip) = 1.55 Wing type is: ss Planform center of gravity at 53.31 % from leading edge 2. CALAGE PROPERTIES: ------------------------------------------------- finesse GR 8.50 glide angle 6.71 AoA 4.63 assiette 2.08 total height hcp (inc risers) -0. cm risers 47. cm calage, pilot centering % cm 30.00 77.99 center pressure (estimation) cm 40.00 103.99 karabiners (x,y,z) 20.00 78.08 716.46 3. RIB PROPERTIES: ------------------------------------------------- Ribs number = 40 Cells number = 39 Rib - Chord - washin - beta ------------------------------------------------- 1 259.97 0.000 1.51 2 258.95 0.000 4.52 3 256.92 0.000 7.40 4 253.88 0.000 10.41 5 249.82 0.000 13.29 6 244.80 0.000 17.02 7 238.78 0.000 20.95 8 231.79 0.000 24.89 9 223.81 0.000 28.62 10 214.69 0.500 32.35 11 203.96 1.000 36.38 12 191.74 2.000 41.42 13 178.16 3.000 46.47 14 163.35 4.000 51.07 15 147.43 5.000 55.46 16 130.55 6.000 60.11 17 112.72 7.000 64.71 18 94.09 8.000 68.88 19 74.74 9.000 72.65 20 54.68 10.000 75.99 Cell width (cm) 0 37.12 1 37.03 2 36.83 3 36.51 4 36.12 5 35.61 6 35.01 7 34.31 8 33.50 9 32.60 10 31.53 11 30.30 12 28.95 13 27.47 14 25.88 15 24.19 16 22.41 17 20.54 18 18.61 19 16.61 4. LINE MATRIX, LINE LENGTHS,AND LINE LOADS: Line-plan- level- order- ap - r - row - rib - L - length -length_e - load (Kg) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1 1 1 18 4 1 18 L = 47.00 47.00 30.82 2 1 2 1 6 4 1 6 L = 402.00 401.59 12.69 3 1 2 2 6 4 1 12 L = 388.00 387.66 10.86 4 1 2 3 6 4 1 18 L = 361.00 360.79 7.28 5 1 3 1 3 4 1 3 L = 153.00 152.80 6.46 6 1 3 2 3 4 1 6 L = 153.00 152.81 6.23 7 1 3 4 3 4 1 9 L = 153.00 152.82 5.78 8 1 3 5 3 4 1 12 L = 153.00 152.84 5.08 9 1 3 6 3 4 1 15 L = 153.00 152.88 4.07 10 1 3 7 3 4 1 18 L = 153.00 152.90 3.21 11 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 L = 123.05 123.00 2.16 12 1 4 2 1 4 1 2 L = 112.19 112.14 2.16 13 1 4 3 1 4 1 3 L = 110.79 110.74 2.14 14 1 4 4 1 4 1 4 L = 109.08 109.04 2.11 15 1 4 5 1 4 1 5 L = 106.77 106.73 2.08 16 1 4 6 1 4 1 6 L = 113.96 113.91 2.04 17 1 4 7 1 4 1 7 L = 122.93 122.89 1.99 18 1 4 8 1 4 1 8 L = 112.75 112.70 1.93 19 1 4 9 1 4 1 9 L = 110.28 110.24 1.86 20 1 4 10 1 4 1 10 L = 107.33 107.29 1.79 21 1 4 11 1 4 1 11 L = 103.76 103.72 1.70 22 1 4 12 1 4 1 12 L = 107.33 107.30 1.60 23 1 4 13 1 4 1 13 L = 125.74 125.70 1.48 24 1 4 14 1 4 1 14 L = 115.57 115.54 1.36 25 1 4 15 1 4 1 15 L = 110.13 110.11 1.23 26 1 4 16 1 4 1 16 L = 103.77 103.75 1.24 27 1 4 17 1 4 1 17 L = 96.54 96.51 1.07 28 1 4 18 1 4 1 18 L = 94.81 94.80 0.89 29 2 1 1 22 3 4 20 L = 47.00 47.00 32.12 30 2 2 1 6 4 2 6 L = 433.00 432.56 12.69 31 2 2 2 6 4 2 12 L = 417.00 416.64 10.86 32 2 2 3 6 4 2 18 L = 375.00 374.78 7.28 33 2 2 4 4 3 4 20 L = 435.00 434.95 1.30 34 2 3 1 3 4 2 3 L = 153.00 152.80 6.46 35 2 3 2 3 4 2 6 L = 153.00 152.81 6.23 36 2 3 3 3 4 2 9 L = 153.00 152.82 5.78 37 2 3 4 3 4 2 12 L = 153.00 152.84 5.08 38 2 3 5 3 4 2 15 L = 153.00 152.88 4.07 39 2 3 6 3 4 2 18 L = 153.00 152.90 3.21 40 2 3 7 1 3 1 20 L = 155.12 155.11 0.46 41 2 3 8 1 3 2 20 L = 153.76 153.74 0.46 42 2 3 9 1 3 3 20 L = 154.10 154.09 0.26 43 2 3 10 1 3 4 20 L = 156.13 156.12 0.13 44 2 4 1 1 4 2 1 L = 96.77 96.72 2.16 45 2 4 2 1 4 2 2 L = 84.84 84.80 2.16 46 2 4 3 1 4 2 3 L = 83.27 83.24 2.14 47 2 4 4 1 4 2 4 L = 81.55 81.51 2.11 48 2 4 5 1 4 2 5 L = 79.31 79.28 2.08 49 2 4 6 1 4 2 6 L = 87.64 87.61 2.04 50 2 4 7 1 4 2 7 L = 98.31 98.27 1.99 51 2 4 8 1 4 2 8 L = 87.33 87.30 1.93 52 2 4 9 1 4 2 9 L = 84.80 84.76 1.86 53 2 4 10 1 4 2 10 L = 81.49 81.46 1.79 54 2 4 11 1 4 2 11 L = 77.57 77.54 1.70 55 2 4 12 1 4 2 12 L = 81.54 81.51 1.60 56 2 4 13 1 4 2 13 L = 112.45 112.41 1.48 57 2 4 14 1 4 2 14 L = 101.89 101.87 1.36 58 2 4 15 1 4 2 15 L = 95.91 95.89 1.23 59 2 4 16 1 4 2 16 L = 85.09 85.07 1.24 60 2 4 17 1 4 2 17 L = 78.45 78.43 1.07 61 2 4 18 1 4 2 18 L = 79.56 79.54 0.89 62 3 1 1 21 4 3 18 L = 47.00 47.00 15.18 63 3 2 1 6 4 3 6 L = 430.00 429.81 5.44 64 3 2 2 6 4 3 12 L = 415.00 414.85 4.65 65 3 2 3 9 4 3 18 L = 378.00 377.85 5.09 66 3 3 1 3 4 3 3 L = 153.00 152.92 2.77 67 3 3 2 3 4 3 6 L = 153.00 152.92 2.67 68 3 3 4 3 4 3 9 L = 153.00 152.92 2.48 69 3 3 5 3 4 3 12 L = 153.00 152.93 2.18 70 3 3 6 3 4 3 15 L = 153.00 152.93 2.33 71 3 3 7 3 4 4 15 L = 153.00 152.96 1.16 72 3 3 8 3 4 3 18 L = 153.00 152.95 1.60 73 3 4 1 1 4 3 1 L = 99.66 99.64 0.93 74 3 4 2 1 4 3 2 L = 87.96 87.95 0.92 75 3 4 3 1 4 3 3 L = 86.53 86.51 0.92 76 3 4 4 1 4 3 4 L = 84.93 84.91 0.91 77 3 4 5 1 4 3 5 L = 82.84 82.83 0.89 78 3 4 6 1 4 3 6 L = 91.09 91.08 0.87 79 3 4 7 1 4 3 7 L = 101.02 101.01 0.85 80 3 4 8 1 4 3 8 L = 90.38 90.37 0.83 81 3 4 9 1 4 3 9 L = 88.03 88.02 0.80 82 3 4 10 1 4 3 10 L = 84.58 84.57 0.77 83 3 4 11 1 4 3 11 L = 80.58 80.57 0.73 84 3 4 12 1 4 3 12 L = 83.81 83.79 0.68 85 3 4 13 1 4 3 13 L = 108.11 108.09 0.85 86 3 4 14 1 4 3 14 L = 98.17 98.16 0.78 87 3 4 15 1 4 3 15 L = 92.72 92.70 0.70 88 3 4 16 1 4 4 13 L = 109.03 109.02 0.42 89 3 4 17 1 4 4 14 L = 98.81 98.80 0.39 90 3 4 18 1 4 4 15 L = 92.98 92.98 0.35 91 3 4 19 1 4 3 16 L = 84.03 84.02 0.62 92 3 4 20 1 4 3 17 L = 76.91 76.90 0.54 93 3 4 21 1 4 3 18 L = 80.91 80.91 0.45 94 4 1 1 24 4 5 12 L = 47.00 47.00 10.09 95 4 2 1 12 4 5 6 L = 428.00 427.81 5.44 96 4 2 2 12 4 5 12 L = 414.00 413.85 4.65 97 4 3 1 6 4 5 3 L = 153.00 152.92 2.77 98 4 3 2 6 4 5 6 L = 153.00 152.92 2.67 99 4 3 3 6 4 5 9 L = 153.00 152.92 2.48 100 4 3 4 6 4 5 12 L = 153.00 152.93 2.18 101 4 4 1 1 4 4 1 L = 104.28 104.27 0.62 102 4 4 2 1 4 4 2 L = 93.19 93.18 0.62 103 4 4 3 1 4 4 3 L = 92.16 92.15 0.61 104 4 4 4 1 4 5 1 L = 109.79 109.78 0.31 105 4 4 5 1 4 5 2 L = 99.06 99.05 0.31 106 4 4 6 1 4 5 3 L = 97.93 97.92 0.31 107 4 4 7 1 4 4 4 L = 90.84 90.83 0.60 108 4 4 8 1 4 4 5 L = 89.09 89.08 0.59 109 4 4 9 1 4 4 6 L = 97.29 97.28 0.58 110 4 4 10 1 4 5 4 L = 96.69 96.68 0.30 111 4 4 11 1 4 5 5 L = 94.64 94.63 0.30 112 4 4 12 1 4 5 6 L = 102.10 102.09 0.29 113 4 4 13 1 4 4 7 L = 106.30 106.28 0.57 114 4 4 14 1 4 4 8 L = 96.21 96.20 0.55 115 4 4 15 1 4 4 9 L = 94.15 94.14 0.53 116 4 4 16 1 4 5 7 L = 111.30 111.30 0.28 117 4 4 17 1 4 5 8 L = 101.12 101.11 0.28 118 4 4 18 1 4 5 9 L = 98.65 98.64 0.27 119 4 4 19 1 4 4 10 L = 90.57 90.56 0.51 120 4 4 20 1 4 4 11 L = 86.51 86.50 0.49 121 4 4 21 1 4 4 12 L = 88.89 88.89 0.46 122 4 4 22 1 4 5 10 L = 94.81 94.81 0.26 123 4 4 23 1 4 5 11 L = 90.11 90.11 0.24 124 4 4 24 1 4 5 12 L = 91.46 91.46 0.23 125 5 1 1 9 3 6 19 L = 235.00 0.00 0.00 126 5 2 1 3 3 6 6 L = 301.00 0.00 0.00 127 5 2 2 3 3 6 12 L = 270.00 0.00 0.00 128 5 2 3 3 3 6 19 L = 237.00 0.00 0.00 129 5 3 1 1 3 6 2 L = 189.96 0.00 0.00 130 5 3 2 1 3 6 4 L = 166.31 0.00 0.00 131 5 3 3 1 3 6 6 L = 165.35 0.00 0.00 132 5 3 4 1 3 6 8 L = 183.51 0.00 0.00 133 5 3 5 1 3 6 10 L = 167.53 0.00 0.00 134 5 3 6 1 3 6 12 L = 164.95 0.00 0.00 135 5 3 7 1 3 6 14 L = 183.86 0.00 0.00 136 5 3 8 1 3 6 16 L = 165.73 0.00 0.00 137 5 3 9 1 3 6 19 L = 159.80 0.00 0.00 Total line lengths (without loops) = 383.08 Total line lengths (with loops) = 437.88 (estimation of 10 cm additional per loop) 5. Adjustment seam parameters on the inner side of extrados panels (fig. 10 of the manual) ------------------------------------------------- Not used ( ndif=1000 ) 6. VERIFICATION Panels and rib differences (mm): ------------------------------------------------- NOTE: Maximal accuracy << 0.02 mm in extrados and intrados panels Number - Panel at left - Rib - Panel at right - max dif (mm) 1 2983.59 2983.59 2983.59 0.00 2 2971.86 2971.86 2971.86 0.00 3 2948.51 2948.51 2948.51 0.00 4 2913.68 2913.68 2913.68 0.00 5 2873.30 2873.30 2873.30 0.00 6 2821.64 2821.64 2821.64 0.00 7 2758.37 2758.37 2758.37 0.00 8 2683.65 2683.65 2683.65 0.00 9 2591.35 2591.35 2591.35 0.00 10 2485.67 2485.67 2485.67 0.00 11 2361.54 2361.54 2361.54 0.00 12 2220.01 2220.01 2220.01 0.00 13 2062.74 2062.74 2062.74 0.00 14 1891.26 1891.26 1891.26 0.00 15 1707.01 1707.01 1707.01 0.00 16 1511.52 1511.52 1511.52 0.00 17 1317.32 1317.32 1317.32 0.00 18 1099.58 1099.58 1099.58 0.00 19 873.48 873.48 873.48 0.00 Panel distorsions in the leading edge (mm): ------------------------------------------- Panel D. extra D. intra 0 0.0319 0.0000 1 0.0303 0.0000 2 0.0246 0.0000 3 0.0184 0.0000 4 0.0182 0.0000 5 0.0174 0.0000 6 0.0046 0.0000 7 -0.0140 0.0000 8 -0.0655 0.0000 9 -0.0003 0.0000 10 -0.0009 0.0000 11 -0.0022 0.0000 12 -0.0042 0.0000 13 -0.0078 0.0000 14 -0.0128 0.0000 15 -0.0191 0.0000 16 -0.0205 0.0000 17 -0.0144 295.5967 18 -0.0193 0.0387 19 -0.0172 0.0493 7. CALAGE AND RISERS VARIATIONS WITH ANGLE a) Speed system pivot in last riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C Calage 1 -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30.00 2 -1.00 -2.26 -1.35 0.00 25.20 3 -2.00 -4.52 -2.69 0.00 20.44 4 -3.00 -6.77 -4.03 0.00 15.75 b) Speed system pivot in first riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C Calage 1 -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30.00 2 -1.00 0.00 0.92 2.25 25.19 3 -2.00 0.00 1.85 4.50 20.37 4 -3.00 0.00 2.77 6.74 15.55 c) Trimer system pivot in first riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C Calage 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30.00 2 0.50 0.00 -0.46 -1.13 32.40 3 1.00 0.00 -0.92 -2.26 34.81 4 1.50 0.00 -1.38 -3.39 37.21 5 2.00 0.00 -1.85 -4.52 39.61 6 2.50 0.00 -2.31 -5.65 42.00 7 3.00 0.00 -2.77 -6.78 44.40 8 3.50 0.00 -3.23 -7.91 46.79 9 4.00 0.00 -3.69 -9.05 49.18 10 4.50 0.00 -4.15 -10.18 51.56 11 5.00 0.00 -4.61 -11.32 53.94 d) Trimer system pivot in last riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C Calage 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30.00 2 0.50 1.13 0.67 0.00 32.41 3 1.00 2.26 1.35 0.00 34.82 4 1.50 3.40 2.02 0.00 37.23 5 2.00 4.53 2.69 0.00 39.64 6 2.50 5.66 3.36 0.00 42.06 7 3.00 6.80 4.03 0.00 44.47 8 3.50 7.93 4.71 0.00 46.88 9 4.00 9.07 5.38 0.00 49.29 10 4.50 10.20 6.05 0.00 51.70 11 5.00 11.34 6.72 0.00 54.11 8. NYLON RODS (JONCS) TYPE 1 ------------------------------------------- Jonc 1 75.9 Jonc 2 75.6 Jonc 3 75.0 Jonc 4 74.1 Jonc 5 73.4 Jonc 6 72.3 Jonc 7 71.0 Jonc 8 69.3 Jonc 9 66.9 Jonc 10 64.2 Jonc 11 61.0 Jonc 12 57.3 Jonc 13 53.3 Jonc 14 48.9 Jonc 15 44.1 Jonc 16 39.0 Jonc 17 34.6 Jonc 18 25.5 Jonc 19 20.2 Jonc 20 0.0 Joncs total length (both sides) 2203.1 9. 3D-SHAPING DETAILS ------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- zone rib d1 d2 d2-d1 ------------------------------------- 10. INFORMATIVE EXTRADOS AND INTRADOS COEFFICIENTS ------------------------------------------- Rib panel/rib (left) panel/rib (right) 0 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 1 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 2 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 3 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 4 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 5 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 6 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 7 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 8 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 9 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 10 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 11 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 12 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 13 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 14 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 15 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 16 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 17 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 18 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 19 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 0 intrados 1.00005 1.00005 1 intrados 1.00007 1.00002 2 intrados 1.00010 0.99999 3 intrados 1.00013 0.99996 4 intrados 0.99995 1.00014 5 intrados 0.99999 1.00011 6 intrados 1.00003 1.00007 7 intrados 1.00007 1.00003 8 intrados 1.00033 0.99977 9 intrados 1.00037 0.99973 10 intrados 1.00045 0.99965 11 intrados 1.00053 0.99957 12 intrados 1.00130 0.99880 13 intrados 1.00065 0.99946 14 intrados 1.00075 0.99935 15 intrados 1.00166 1.02349 16 intrados 1.00040 0.99975 17 intrados 1.00488 1.72455 18 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 19 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 11. INFORMATION ABOUT AIRFOIL POINTS ------------------------------------------- Rib Total Extra Vents Intra 0 89 58 18 15 1 89 58 18 15 2 89 58 18 15 3 89 58 18 15 4 89 58 18 15 5 89 58 18 15 6 89 58 18 15 7 89 58 18 15 8 89 58 18 15 9 89 58 18 15 10 89 58 18 15 11 89 58 18 15 12 89 58 18 15 13 89 58 18 15 14 89 58 18 15 15 89 58 18 15 16 89 58 18 15 17 89 58 18 15 18 89 58 18 15 19 89 58 18 15 20 89 58 18 15